As an important component of the equipment manufacturing industry, the petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry is a supporting industry in the petroleum and petrochemical industry, and its development level determines the development process of the petroleum and petrochemical industry. The ancients said: "To be good at things first, we must first sharpen its tools." There is no petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing diamond drill, oil companies to carry out oil exploration and development, oil refining and chemical industry's "porcelain living" is difficult to achieve. "The drill bit is less than oil and gas, and the equipment is not strong enough for oil and gas." This statement most vividly illustrates the importance of petroleum equipment for oil and gas exploration, development and production. The advanced equipment has significantly improved the level of exploration and development and various refinery and chemical industries. Prerequisites and guarantees for continuous optimization of indicators. What is the development of China's petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry? How will it develop? This is the issue that this article will explore.

I. Development status

The petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry has the universality of the general equipment manufacturing industry, such as improving competitiveness and promoting technological innovation. It also has the particularities of petroleum and petrochemical equipment that are used for oil service, oil production and oil consumption. China's petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry has grown with the rapid development of the petroleum and petrochemical industry since the founding of New China. During the first five-year plan period, there were only two oil refinery equipment factories and two small oil plants in the country that were built by the Soviet Union in Lanzhou. Later, with the gradual recovery and adjustment of the national economy, Daqing Oilfield, Shengli Oilfield, and North China Oilfield With the continuous development of oil fields throughout the country and the rapid development of the petroleum and petrochemical industries, the petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry has gradually grown. In the process of providing technical equipment support for the development of the petroleum and petrochemical industry, the petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry has formed a complete industrial system integrating equipment research and development, manufacturing, services and internal and external trades. The products cover geophysical prospecting, drilling, logging, and oil and gas The equipment and tools used in various fields such as development, underground operations, surface engineering, pipeline transportation, and oil refining and chemical industry have basically met the needs of domestic oil and gas production, and some have been very competitive. Some of them have been sold to the international market.

Since the "10th Five-Year Plan," the petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry has entered a virtuous track of continuous and rapid development by riding on the rapid development of the country's economy and the unfolding of the equipment manufacturing industry. The rapid expansion of industry scale, annual revenue increase of more than 20%, rapid increase in overall product performance, major breakthroughs in high-tech product research, successful development of the 9000 meters ultra-deep well drilling rig, top drive, large diameter steel grade steel, rapid logging platform, Medium- and high-power internal combustion engines, high-power flue gas turbines and other new products. Under the stimulation of high oil prices, petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing has become one of the hottest industries in the world. During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, the total assets of China's petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry increased from RMB 67.416 billion to RMB 200.56 billion, ranking the first in the world; the total industry industrial output value and industrial sales output both increased more than three times. The 12,000-meter land oil drilling rig, the 122-meter jack-up offshore oil drilling platform, the 300,000-ton floating storage tanker, and the large-scale LNG transporter, which marked the technological level of the petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry, have been independently manufactured; they have been successfully developed. The world's largest 2,000-ton hydrogenation reactor, petrochemical industry "three compressors", 60,000 M3 / h large air separation plant, large-scale ethylene ball tank and other major products. Equipment with leading international standards also appeared one after another. Among them, the 12,000-meter ultra-deep well drilling rig broke the monopoly of foreign countries and leapt to the top of the world; China's independently designed and constructed sixth-generation 3000-meter deep-water semi-submersible drilling platform, “Offshore Oil 981” represented The highest level of offshore oil drilling platform technology in the world today has enabled China's deep-sea oil and gas exploration and development dreams to begin... The output value of new products, export delivery value, and total profit increased by more than 2 times; the number of enterprises above designated size in the industry increased from 1019 to 2023, almost doubling. As of the end of December 2011, the number of enterprises with a total business income of over 20 million yuan in the entire industry of petroleum and petrochemical equipment in China reached 1,487. Among them, there are 683, 384 and 420 oil drilling equipments, oil refining equipments and metal pressure vessel manufacturers in the three major branches of petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing.

Second, development bottlenecks

Under the bright figures, China's oil and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry also has many constraints and development bottlenecks, specifically in the following areas:

First, the number of companies is small and small, and their competitiveness is not strong. According to incomplete statistics from related departments, there are nearly 700 enterprises above designated size in the oil drilling and mining equipment industry in China (companies with an annual sales income of 5 million yuan and above), and the number is still increasing. This figure is probably more than the sum of oil drilling equipment companies in other countries. The large number of enterprises will inevitably lead to the decentralization of resources, the dispersion of funds and the dispersion of technical forces, the lack of overall coordination, and the serious phenomenon of low-level redundant construction, which will inevitably result in the waste of production capacity and a certain degree of disorderly competition in the industry.

The second is the weak ability of independent innovation. Petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry has weak R&D strength and low technical level. It lacks core technologies and competitive products with independent intellectual property rights. It has not formed professionalization, standardization, and serialization for a long time; the R&D power of enterprises is decentralized and the overall planning for equipment R&D is lacking. There is a disconnect between the establishment of research projects, achievement transformation, system integration, field testing, and information feedback. The independent innovation, especially the original innovation ability, is not strong. The development of software technology for major equipment is still largely at the imitation development stage. The secondary development capability is relatively poor; major equipment research can not keep up with the development of petroleum and petrochemical production technology. The development of equipment technology and production technology are out of step, and the phenomenon of heavy technology and light equipment still exists. Equipment design and manufacturing level, equipment quality and reliability have yet to be improved.

The third is that the localization rate is low. At present, only one-third of the technical equipment in the oil and petrochemical industry has reached the international advanced level, and the domestic market's satisfaction rate for domestic equipment is less than 60%. In the field of major technical equipment, this ratio is even lower. In particular, high-tech equipment and micro-processing equipment are almost entirely dependent on imports. Related accessory products with high technological content in equipment also rely heavily on foreign supplies. Some of the key petroleum and petrochemical equipment technologies and design and manufacturing technologies have not yet been mastered by domestic companies and almost all such equipment needs to be imported. It is self-evident that foreign oil and petrochemical equipment manufacturing companies pose threats to domestic companies.

In addition, there are problems with irrational industrial structure, low industrial concentration, and high product energy consumption. The contradictions between speed and efficiency, scale and quality, quantity and quality have become increasingly prominent, and the balance point and integration point have not yet been found. The change of the extensive development model is not enough to support the development of the petroleum and petrochemical industries.

Third, the development of ideas

1. Strengthen scientific planning guidance and improve function layout.

Entering the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan”, as an important driving force for building a modern energy industry system, the oil, natural gas and petrochemical industries will all show a vigorous development trend, thus providing a huge market for the overall development of oil and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry and industrial transformation and upgrading. Space brings high-level, high-quality, high-level and high-growth development opportunities. Undoubtedly, this is an important period of strategic opportunities for China's oil and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry. Therefore, we should compile the “Overall Plan for the Development of Petroleum and Petrochemical Equipment Manufacturing Industry” as soon as possible, which mainly includes the preparation of a good plan for the development of oil and petrochemical equipment manufacturing bases, a special industrial development plan, a regional layout plan, and a development plan for leading enterprises; The key areas of manufacturing base construction, key technologies and product-oriented catalogs, and the key points for the construction of technical innovation support platforms for petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing bases clearly define key development areas and key enterprises. The basic framework of the construction of a petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing base with the master plan as the general plan, the industrial special plan and the regional layout plan as two wings, and the industry leading plan as the support. Through a series of scientific development plans, the development space for petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing will be expanded and its functional layout will be improved to provide planning protection for the overall improvement of the development level of petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry.

2. Force high-end equipment manufacturing to achieve a strategic transformation from big to strong.

High-end equipment is a reliable support for the development of the petrochemical industry. As a strategic emerging industry led by high-end technology, at the high end of the value chain, and at the core of the industrial chain, it determines the comprehensive competitiveness of the entire industry chain. High-end equipment manufacturing industry is characterized by high technology, high added value, and large growth space. It is the backbone of the modern industrial system and the engine of industrial transformation and upgrading. Cultivating and developing high-end equipment manufacturing industry is not only an opportunity to revitalize China's manufacturing industry, but also is the main driving force for the transformation and development of "Made in China" to "Created in China."

At present, the world is in a highly advanced era of information technology, accompanied by the flourishing development of cloud computing and the Internet, “smart exploration”, “smart drilling”, “smart oil production”, “smart underground operations”, “smart acid fracturing”, The application of high-end petroleum technology in various fields such as “smart drills” and “intelligent manufacturing” is making great strides towards us, setting off a new wave of oil technology revolution, promoting the petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry to target high-end, selecting the right entry point and breaking through. Points to achieve catch-up development and leapfrog development. The future competition in the petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry will be more manifested in the high-end competition in the high-tech, high-tech, high-value-added, and high-tech applications, and the high-end competition will dominate the reconfiguration of the petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry. Become the "total engine" for future development. Extending to the high-end manufacturing industry, aiming at high-end, seizing high-end, and seeking breakthroughs from the high-end, has become a strategic focus of the oil and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry to move away from the traditional model to the new modernization model.

During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, with the continuous increase in the total domestic energy consumption, the petroleum and petrochemical industry has huge demand for intelligent drilling, large-scale refinery equipment, deep-water and unconventional oil and gas exploration and exploitation equipment, which will also force oil Petrochemical equipment manufacturers increase their strength and seize the market. The Decision of the State Council on Accelerating the Cultivation and Development of Strategic Emerging Industries states that China will vigorously develop strategic emerging industries such as energy conservation and environmental protection, a new generation of information technology, biology, high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy, new materials, and new energy vehicles. The “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” high-end equipment manufacturing industry development plan drafted by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other departments predicts that by 2015, the annual sales value of high-end equipment manufacturing industry will be more than 6 trillion yuan. At the same time, in order to support the development of high-end equipment manufacturing industries such as marine engineering equipment, during the “12th Five-Year Plan” period, the government may introduce support policies for tax reduction and exemption, which have brought a new round of development opportunities for China's petroleum and petrochemical equipment sector. Therefore, oil and petrochemical equipment companies must seize the great opportunity of the country in revitalizing the equipment manufacturing industry, deepen reforms, break through the bottleneck in the system, break monopoly, integrate resources, and enhance competitiveness, so as to gradually adapt to the equipment manufacturing industry development trend. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, the petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry should aim at high-end, focus on promoting the transformation and upgrading of the petroleum and petrochemical industries and supporting the development of strategic emerging industries, focusing on the development of intelligent drilling systems, 10 million tons of oil refining, 1 million tons of ethylene, etc. Large-scale oil refining and chemical refining equipment, including natural gas exploration and production equipment including unconventional gas such as coal bed gas and shale gas, deep-sea oil and gas exploration and production equipment, and oil and gas resources gathering and transportation equipment and other high-end products, with differentiated and high added value products. Technology and technology lead the development, give play to the leading role of technological innovation, improve the industry's core competitiveness and global operating capabilities, provide China's petroleum and petrochemical industry with strong technical equipment support to the world, and strive to enable China to enter the world's largest oil and gas equipment manufacturing power as soon as possible. Ranks.

3. Based on scientific development, efforts to enhance the ability of independent innovation.

Petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing is a diverse and technology-intensive industry. Technological progress in the petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry is the foundation and guarantee for the development of the petroleum industry. Independent innovation is the selection of propositions for breaking key technologies subject to human beings. Through independent innovation and mastering key technologies, it should become the basic foothold for promoting China's petroleum and petrochemical equipment technological progress in the new era.

Therefore, the petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry must consolidate its focus on innovation and must proceed from the perspective of its long-term development, formulate practical and feasible strategic objectives for increasing the capacity for independent innovation in the industry, adopt open-minded thinking, conduct technology grafting, and introduce, absorb, and absorb. Integrate innovation and independent innovation to realize leap-forward development. First of all, it is necessary to establish confidence in the courage to innovate independently and foster innovation with the greatest determination. Petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing companies must believe in their own abilities and step down to a path of independent innovation. Second, it is necessary to increase financial support for the independent innovation of petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing enterprises. We will strive to increase the central government's support for petroleum and petrochemical equipment science and technology, set up special projects for petroleum and petrochemical equipment in national science and technology funds, and give priority to supporting the construction of oil and petrochemical equipment science and technology innovation platform. Third, we must conscientiously summarize domestic and foreign experience in the scientific and technological innovation of petroleum and petrochemical equipment and industry development, strengthen coordination, further improve laws, regulations and policies, formulate and revise relevant standards in a timely manner, establish a government procurement system that encourages independent innovation, and order domestically produced petroleum and petrochemicals. The policy measures for equipment provide guarantee for the independent innovation of petroleum and petrochemical equipment. Fourth, increase the research and development of key technologies, core technologies, and major common technologies in the petroleum and petrochemical equipment industry. The use of advanced technology to transform and upgrade the petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry will focus on the use of advanced technologies in key areas and major projects of major technical equipment in a focused and step-by-step manner, allowing high-level, highly-efficient technologies to be used on major technical equipment. Bigger effect. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, it is required to be in the national marine oil and gas equipment, coal clean transformation equipment, petroleum refining engineering equipment, long-distance pipeline technology and equipment, large turbo compressors, advanced tire manufacturing equipment, and oil and chemical industry safety production equipment. In other areas, it will accelerate the construction of scientific research platforms and promote the technological equipment of the petroleum and chemical industries to a new level. Fifth, we must choose a reasonable direction of innovation and innovation model. It is necessary to speed up the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in petroleum and petrochemical equipment, guide industrial development through technological development, establish technology promotion and service agencies, and organize the implementation of major technical equipment R&D and industrialization demonstration projects related to the construction of petroleum and petrochemical equipment, in an effort to realize everything from manufacturing to creation. Imitation to the transformation of innovation. Focus on the development of major technological equipment and important basic equipment with independent intellectual property rights, and on the basis of independent research and development, realize re-innovation and independent manufacturing. Sixth, we must vigorously nurture young and middle-aged scientific and technological talents, management talents, and senior technicians with innovative capabilities. In particular, we must focus on cultivating top-notch talents and leading talents in the development of major petroleum equipment and system design to provide talent protection for the development of oil and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry. .

4. Commit to localization and improve the international discourse power of petroleum and petrochemical equipment.

Localization is an important symbol of the manufacturing capacity of petroleum and petrochemical equipment, and an important manifestation of a strong oil and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the development from land to deep water and from non-intelligent to intelligent development is the direction of the development of oil and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry. Localization is still a main line. Only if large-scale equipments are domesticated and autonomous, can they fundamentally get rid of dependence on foreign technology and large-scale equipment, promote the healthy development of petroleum and petrochemical industries, and master the right to speak in international exchanges and cooperation.

During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has clarified the objectives and tasks to be completed by China’s petroleum and petrochemical equipment manufacturing industry, and will accelerate the process of autonomy of large-scale petrochemical and oil drilling and mining equipment through the implementation of innovation and upgrading strategies. Engineering equipment, new energy, energy saving and environmental protection equipment are included in the strategic emerging industries to form equipment.